Early spring flowers at Wayland Wood

I always find Wayland Wood to be ominously quiet, not just in terms of its unusually low bird activity, but for the general subdued feeling of the place. This contrasts markedly with the sense of richness, diversity and burgeoning life that characterises almost any other wild natural area, including the other ancient woodlands I know, such as Cambridgeshire's Hayley Wood. Perhaps the dense, almost monocultural stands of Bird Cherry Prunus avium contribute to this. The only time I really feel that the wood feels vibrant is in late spring, when its Bluebells Hyacinthoides non-scripta are in flower, at which time the wood has a truly joyous feel. Despite its small size (34 ha), the labyrinthine path system leads the unwary walker far from where he or she had expected to be. Not for nothing that this is credited as the site of the Babes in the Wood story.

Ancient twin coppice stool of Ash Fraxinus excelsior and Hornbeam Carpinus betula.

There are records of Wayland Wood (Old Norse = "sacred grove") from the tenth century and, of course, it is mentioned in the Domesday Book. Signs of medieval boundaries are obvious in the obvious banks and ditches within the present day wood, together with ancient coppice stools of Ash Fraxinus excelsior and Hornbeam Carpinus betula.

Wood Anemone Anemone nemorosa

Nevertheless, a quick, late afternoon visit to Wayland Wood last Saturday repaid the effort. True enough, there was next to no bird activity. However, this was compensated by a suite of early spring flowers typical of the site. Lesser Celandine Ranunculus ficaria and Wood Anemone Anemone nemorosa were the most obvious: swathes of the densely-shaded forest floor beneath the large coppice trees were covered in the white blooms of the latter. The Bluebells that will soon turn this carpet lilac were only just coming into flower.

The sunlit rides between the coppice blocks harboured Barren Strawberry Potentilla sterilis and spikes of Bugle Ajuga reptans not yet in flower. Common Viola riviniana and Early Dog-violet V. reichenbachiana grew at the darker edges of these rides, the latter preferring the darker areas under the canopy where Primroses Primula vulgaris flourished.

Early Dog-violet Viola reichenbachiana

Primroses Primula vulgaris

Thick on the woodland floor
Gay company shall be,
Primrose and Hyacinth
And frail Anemone,
Perennial Strawberry-bloom,
Woodsorrel’s pencilled veil,
Dishevel’d Willow-weed
And Orchis purple and pale.

Robert Bridges—Idle Flowers




Returning after school for an hour today, we were delighted to find an Early Purple Orchid Orchis mascula just coming into flower within sight of the car park. In the ancient coppice plots, we were able to locate the oval leaves of Common Twayblade Neottia ovata, patches of Moschatel Adoxa moschatellina and the coveted Yellow Star-of-Bethlehem Gagea lutea, for which Wayland Wood is the only site in Norfolk.

Moschatel Adoxa moschatellina

Yellow Star-of-Bethlehem Gagea lutea

As if to refute my impressions of the site, three male Blackcaps were singing in the western part of the wood, one of which was kind enough to show itself in the top of an old oak – these were not vocalising last Saturday and are the first I have heard this year. 

Hockering Wood & Hindolveston

I made a morning drive up to Hindolveston to pick up a new 125w Skinner trap from Anglia Lepidopterist Supplies. I was glad I did as it gave me time to meet and chat with propietor Jon Clifton.

Another reason for driving was to visit Hockering Wood, an 88 ha, privately-owned ancient limewood, en route. This is a curious wood with a lot of old Small-leaved Lime Tilia cordata, some coppice stools of which are several metres across. 

Small-leaved Lime Tilia cordata coppice stools on E boundary.

Paths are good broad, typical ex-WWII concrete roadways, of the type familiar in this part of the world, so access is easy. The site has been somewhat spoilt by hundreds of exotic trees - mostly conifers but also some broadleafs - and the best area for limes seems to be at the southern end, most distant from the entrance. Hopefully, the ongoing management aims to selectively remove the non-native trees.

Small-leaved Lime Tilia cordata stand in SW corner.

 
I cannot recall having been in a limewood before and had certainly never seen treetrunks in Britain showing the regularly-drilled net of holes typical of those made in America by sapsuckers Sphyrapicus, presumably made by Great-spotted Woodpeckers Dendrocopos major.

Rows of holes in Small-leaved Lime Tilia cordata trunk presumably made by
Great-spotted Woodpecker Dendrocopos major.

The weather is propitious and the trap has been on since dusk...